Expanding mixed forests requires systemic change

Increasing the share of mixed forests can reconcile timber production, carbon sequestration, resilience against disturbances, and biodiversity. Greater vitality and disturbance resistance of mixed forests also enhance their adaptability to climate change.

In 2024, we published a policy brief outlining measures for increasing mixed forests. Achieving this goal requires more diverse forest management guidelines, updates to information systems, and expanded training and support for practical forestry work.

In a changing climate, it is increasingly important to grow tree species and provenances best suited to each site. This helps ensure forest vitality and maximum resilience to damage in the future.

Mixed forests can be established from the outset of regeneration by interplanting two or more tree species or by incorporating natural broadleaved trees alongside planted conifers. The maintenance of species diversity must be considered throughout all stages of forest management. From a sustainability perspective, mixed stands should be maintained for the entire rotation period.

Mixed forest cultivation can be integrated with current forestry practices but requires effective knowledge transfer and practical changes by forestry professionals. Clear communication about the benefits and trade-offs of mixed forests is necessary.