The research is part of the Seeing the unseen with aDNA project led by the University of Turku, which deals with the ancient DNA of plants, animal bones and insects, and sediments, which is funded by the Finnish Cultural Fund's Time, place and DNA search. Luke is responsible for the DNA analysis of archeological and herbarium samples of hops, wild apple and cultivated apple. The project develops a DNA method for studying ancient plant DNA. The obtained results are compared with both historical and present-day materials.