Greenhouse gas emissions, erosion and nutrient load to surface waters monitoring

Greenhouse gas emissions, erosion and nutrient load to surface waters are monitored in multiple experimental fields, field-scale lysimeter and sub-catchment in Finland. In addition, water erosion on arable land throughout the country is assessed by modelling. 

Monitoring on mineral soils is carried out to assess the effects of various drainage methods, crop rotations, buffer strips, and farming practices on crop yield, erosion, and nutrient load. In peatland experimental fields, the impact of elevated groundwater table on peat decomposition and greenhouse gas emissions is also monitored. 

Water erosion on arable land is monitored nationally and at municipal level using the RUSLE erosion model, which is updated with data on cultivated plants and agricultural practices from the Finnish authorities. 

Information produced: 

• Elevated groundwater table on nutrient load, greenhouse gas emissions, yield, and peat decomposition in thin and thick peat soil and thin peat located on acid sulphate soils 
• Crop rotation, ley, livestock manure, and fertilization practices on nutrient losses and yields in sandy soils within a cattle production area.
• Drainage methods and cropping practices on nutrient load, soil properties, and yield.
• Tillage practices (ploughing/no-till), production system (organic/conventional), crop rotation, natural grassland, and buffer strips on erosion, nutrient load soil properties, and yield.
• Wintertime ground cover and farming practices on water erosion at the municipal level, estimated using the RUSLE erosion model.